Our business is protecting yoursPower Generation, oil and gas production and distribution, petrochemical processing, gas turbine marine propulsion — these are typical areas where high-value,critical rotating machinery is employed. Safety has always been a major issue and protection systems, including vibratio parameters, are frequently mandatory.
Main features and benefits Traditionally, separate systems have been provided for machinery protection, on-line condition monitoring, and machinery performance assessment. However, the VM600 Series uses the latest digital signal processing technology–and industry standard communications interfaces — todeliver the most up-to-date, integrated, modular, scaleabl solution to all machinery protection, condition and per formance monitoring requirements, within a single system framework. Only two types of signal processing modules are required — one for protection and one for condition and performance monitoring data acquisition. Each card can perform all of the necessary signal processing tasks, with input from any appropriate sensor, simplifying specification, installation, training and spares holding.
¥ All monitoring functions (absolute and/or relative vibration, dynamic pressure, displacement, orbit, Smax, position, expansion, etc.) available on a single card
¥ Communications over Ethernet or serial links using standard protocols
¥ Remote configuration, interrogation and support
¥ Local display of levels and status
¥ Protection functions independent of condition monitoring functions
¥ API-670 compliant
¥ Comprehensive voting logic combinations
¥ Cards are hot-swappable
¥ Dual redundant power supplies and communication links
¥ One 6U rack accommodates up to 48 protectionchannels or 192 condition monitoring/process inputs.
¥ “Platform independent” software –WindowsTM NT/2000,SCO Open Server (UNIX), Linux
DYMAC total system capability
SENSORS & SIGNALCONDITIONING
Afull range of industrial accelerometers, velocity transducers, eddy current probes, dynamic pressure sensors, air gap
sensors, and ice detectors for high temperatures and other harsh environments.
MACHINERYPROTECTION SYSTEMS
Fully autonomous protection systems for instant detection of machinery problems. Protection for both excessive
vibration and over-speed conditions. A single universal card accepts input from all dynamic and static sensors, and
provides a comprehensive array of processing and voting logic, with analogue, DC and digital outputs to other systems.
MACHINERYCONDITION MONITORING
On-line and off-line hardware and software solutions for prediction of machinery problems in advance. Automatic high
speed detection of run-up/ coast-down and ’upset capture’ data, 16 channel parallel data acquisition cards, all dynamic
and static inputs. Sophisticated Condition Monitoring software for machinery monitoring and analysis, including
continuous streaming technology, logging by exception, interfaces to portable devices and DCS systems, and a full array
of diagnostic tools such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Remote access over modem, network or internet. Specialised
applications including hydro turbines and reciprocating compressors.
MACHINERYPERFORMANCE MONITORING
Basic Package — manual or automatic data entry, simple performance calculations and trending of aero thermal
parameters.
Advanced package — automatic data entry, modelling refined with experience, comparison of actual against expected
performance giving a true online picture of machinery behaviour for decision support.
Maintenance Optimisation — fuel used, emissions, calculation of emission taxes, parts life calculation for hot com
ponents, predicted and measured calculation for maintenance actions
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.
Since 2001, CJ1M-series PLCs are in control of a wide variety of applications worldwide. The accumulated experience and advancements in technology now result in CJ2M; fully compatible, yet fully new.
• Increased performance, and increased memory capacity
• Up to 40 I/O unit on any CPU CJ2M-MD21
• Pulse I/O Modules add position control functions to any CPU
• USB for plug-and-play access to the PLC
• All models available with or without Ethernet port
• Choice of serial port plug-in modules
Features
• Five variations in program capacity from 5K steps to 60K steps; scale the CPU to your application needs.
• Faster processors; LD instruction execution time is reduced to 40 ns, floating point trigonometrics in less than 1 μs.
• Optional Pulse I/O Modules can be mounted to enable positioning functions for up to four axes. The module provides high-speed counters, interrupt inputs and pulse train/PWM outputs. (CJ2M CPU Units with Unit Version 2.0 or Later)
• Faster Function Block calls and execution, faster interrupt handling, less overhead time.
• Added execution memory for Function Blocks allows structured, object-oriented programming even in entry-level CPUs.
• General-purpose Ethernet port supports EtherNet/IP tag-based data links, connection to Support Software, communications between PLCs, FTP data transfers, and more (CJ2M-CPU3@). • Standard USB port on all models allows Support Software to connect directly through standard USB cable.
• A Serial Option Module can be mounted to add RS-232C or RS-422A/485 communications ports (CJ2M-CPU3@).
• Compatible with all existing CJ1 power supply-, I/O-, control- and communication units.
Ordering Information
International Standards
• The standards are abbreviated as follows: U: UL, U1: UL (Class I Division 2 Products for Hazardous Locations), C: CSA, UC: cULus, UC1: cULus (Class I Division 2 Products for Hazardous Locations), CU: cUL, N: NK, L: Lloyd, and CE: EC Directives.
• Contact your OMRON representative for further details and applicable conditions for these standards.
Pulse I/O Module MIL connector Wiring Methods
To connect to a Terminal Block, use an OMRON Cable preassembled with the special connector or attach the special connector (sold separately) to a cable yourself. Using User-made Cables with Connector Connector Models Compatible Connector SpecificationsOMRON CJ2M-MD21 CPU Units, Pulse I/O Modules
The SCXI Chassis User Manual is one piece of the documentation set for the data acquisition and SCXI system. You could have any of several types of documents, depending on the hardware and software in the system. Use the documents you have as follows:
• The SCXI Quick Start Guide—This document describes how to set up an SCXI chassis, install SCXI modules and terminal blocks, and configure the SCXI system in Measurement & Automation Explorer (MAX).
• The SCXI hardware user manuals—Read these manuals next for detailed information about signal connections and module configuration. They also explain in greater detail how the module works and contain application hints.
• The DAQ hardware user manuals—These manuals have detailed information about the DAQ hardware that plugs into or is connected to the computer. Use these manuals for hardware installation and configuration instructions, specification information about the DAQ hardware, and application hints.
• Software documentation—Examples of software documentation you may have are the LabVIEW, Measurement Studio, and NI-DAQ documentation sets. After you set up the hardware system, use either the application software (LabVIEW or Measurement Studio) or the NI-DAQ documentation to help you write your application. If you have a large, complicated system, it is worthwhile to look through the software documentation before you configure the hardware.
• Accessory installation guides or manuals—If you are using accessory products, read the terminal block and cable assembly installation guides or accessory user manuals. They explain how to physically connect the relevant pieces of the system. Consult these guides when you are making the connections.
• If you are designing your own module, the SCXIbus System Specification is available from NI upon request. This specification describes the physical, electrical, and timing requirements for the SCXIbus.
Optional Equipment
NI provides a full line of modules that amplify, filter, isolate, and multiplex a wide variety of signal types, such as thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), strain gauges, high-voltage inputs, current inputs, analog outputs, and digital I/O signals. Cables and terminal blocks with screw terminals, BNC connectors, or thermocouple plugs are available to connect signals to the modules. Refer to the latest NI catalog and ni.com/catalog for a complete listing of sensors and I/O types supported in SCXI
Configuring and Installing the SCXI Chassis
NI provides a full line of modules that amplify, filter, isolate, and multiplex a wide variety of signal types, such as thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), strain gauges, high-voltage inputs, current inputs, analog outputs, and digital I/O signals. Cables and terminal blocks with screw terminals, BNC connectors, or thermocouple plugs are available to connect signals to the modules. Refer to the latest NI catalog and ni.com/catalog for a complete listing of sensors and I/O types supported in SCXI.
Configuring and Installing the SCXI Chassis
This chapter contains instructions for configuring and installing the SCXI chassis. It describes the following:
• Chassis address selection
• Voltage and fuse selection
• Chassis, modules, and accessories installation
• Fan filter maintenance
Configuring the SCXI Chassis
Configuring the chassis involves selecting a chassis or high-level data link control (HDLC) address, line voltage, and fuse value on any chassis. Note Refer to the Read Me First: Safety and Radio-Frequency Interference document before removing equipment covers or connecting or disconnecting any signal wires.
Selecting Chassis Addresses
These sections provide information about how to select addresses for the SCXI chassis.
SCXI-1000/1001
Unless you are using multiple chassis and need to configure one or more SCXI chassis for a different address, you can skip this section, and the SCXI chassis retains factory-default address of 0. You can configure the SCXI chassis for one of 32 different addresses so that you can connect multiple SCXI chassis to the same control source. The five switches on the front panel of Slot 0 determine the chassis address. Switches one through five represent the values 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16, when set to the ON position. When set to the OFF position, their value is zero. The chassis address is the sum of the switch values. Figure 2-7 shows examples of both the factory-default setting of the chassis address 0 and the switch setting for chassis address 19
Notes SCXI-1000 chassis through revision D do not have address jumpers or switches and respond to any address, but you cannot use them in multichassis systems. Revision E chassis use jumpers on Slot 0 for chassis addressing. Revision F and later chassis use a DIP switch for chassis addressing. SCXI-1001 chassis through revision D use jumpers on Slot 0 for chassis addressing. Revision E and later chassis use a DIP switch for chassis addressing.
SCXI-1000DC
Unless you are using multiple chassis and need to configure one or more SCXI chassis for a different address, you can skip this section, and the SCXI chassis retains the factory-default address of 0. You can configure the SCXI chassis for one of 32 different addresses so that you can connect multiple SCXI chassis to the same control source. Three jumpers that determine the chassis address are located behind the front panel of Slot 0 just below the Reset button. The chassis address is the sum of the values of all the jumpers. Figure 2-8 shows examples of both the factory-default setting of address 0 and the jumper settings for address 19
Note SCXI-1000DC chassis through revision C do not have address jumpers or switches and respond to any address, but you cannot use them in multichassis systems. Revision D and later chassis use jumpers on Slot 0 for chassis addressing.
Changing the Chassis Address
While referring to Figures 2-2 and 2-6, complete the following steps to change the chassis address of the SCXI-1000DC:
1. Power off the chassis and remove the power cord from the power entry module.
2. To prevent a shock hazard, wait at least one minute before proceeding to step 3.
3. Using a screwdriver, remove the four (six on some revisions) panhead screws from the front panel of Slot 0.
4. Remove the six screws from the rear panel.
5. Remove the controller from Slot 0.
6. Set all three jumpers for the chassis address you want.
7. Replace the controller in Slot 0.
8. Replace the four (six on some revisions) screws. Do not overtighten.
9. Replace the six screws in the rear panel. Do not overtighten
Selecting Voltage and Replacing the Fuse for the SCXI-1000 and SCXI-1001
If you ordered the chassis with the appropriate part number (the -0x extension of the kit part number corresponds to your geographical region), the voltage tumbler and fuse are correct for operation in your geographical region. Check the voltage on the voltage tumbler to ensure that you have the correct voltage tumbler setting and fuse. The SCXI chassis can operate with line voltages of 100, 120, 220, and 240 VAC. The voltage tumbler in the power entry module determines the voltage for which the chassis is configured. You can identify the operating voltage by looking at the number on the power entry module when the door that covers the tumbler is closed. The fuse is 5 × 20 mm, which has a current rating relative to the operating voltage. Table 2-4 shows the proper voltage selections and fuse ratings for different regions.
Selecting the Voltage
Complete the following steps to select a voltage:
1. Power off the chassis.
2. Remove the power cord from the power entry module.
3. Using a flathead screwdriver, pry the door to the tumbler open from thetop.
4. Remove the voltage tumbler.
5. Rotate the tumbler to the appropriate voltage and reinsert it into the power entry module.
6. Close the door.
7. Check to make sure that the voltage showing on the selection tumbler is correct.
8. Reinsert the power cord.
Replacing the Power Entry Module Fuse
Caution Disconnect all power before removing the cover. Complete the following steps to replace the power entry module fuse:
1. Power off the chassis.
2. Remove the power cord from the power entry module.
3. Using a flathead screwdriver, pry the door to the voltage selection tumbler open from the top.
4. Pull out the fuse drawer.
5. Remove the fuse.
6. Install the new fuse in the drawer.
7. Reinsert the fuse drawer in the right-hand slot with the arrow pointing to the right.
8. Close the door.
9. Reinsert the power cord.
Replacing and Checking Backplane Fuses on the SCXI-1000 and SCXI-1001
In addition to the power entry module fuse, the analog supply lines on the backplane are fused at 1.5 A on the SCXI-1000 chassis and at 4 A on the SCXI-1001 chassis. If you are making your own modules, fuse the module at 250 mA to avoid blowing the backplane fuses. Fusing the module better protects the module when a failure results in a large amount of current drawn by not allowing the current to blow the backplane fuses. On the SCXI-1000, the backplane fuses are located behind the fan. On the SCXI-1001, the backplane fuses are located behind the right-hand fan, near the power entry module, as viewed from the rear of the chassis.
Complete the following steps to check or replace fuses:
1. Remove the appropriate fan and filter from the rear of the chassis by following the instructions in the Maintaining the Fan Filter section. Make sure to switch the power off and remove the power cord.
2. The fuse marked with a copper + on the backplane is for the positive analog supply, and the fuse marked with a copper – is for the negative analog supply. To check whether a fuse is blown, connect an ohmmeter across the leads. If the reading is not approximately 0 Ω, replace the fuse.
3. Using a pair of needle-nose pliers, carefully extract the fuse.
4. Take a new fuse and bend its leads so the component is 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) long, the dimension between the fuse sockets, and clip the leads to a length of 6.4 mm (0.25 in.).
5. Using the needle-nose pliers, insert the fuse into the socket holes.
6. Repeat for the other fuse if necessary.
7. Check the fan filter and, if it is dirty, clean it as described in the Maintaining the Fan Filter section.
8. Reinstall the fan and filter
Replacing the Fuses on the SCXI-1000DC
There are two fuses located on the rear panel of the SCXI-1000DC. The input power fuse (F1) is a 6.3 A, 5 × 20 mm time-lag fuse. The internal +5 VDC supply is fused by a 3.15 A, 5 × 20 mm time-lag fuse (F2).
Replacing the Power Entry Fuse and +5 VDC Fuse
Caution For continued protection against fire, replace fuses only with fuses of the same type and rating.
Complete the following steps to replace the rear panel fuses:
1. Power off the chassis.
2. Remove the power cord from power entry connector J1.
3. Turn the fuse holder counter-clockwise with a screwdriver and pull out the fuse holder to expose the fuse in the housing.
4. Remove the fuse.
5. Install the new fuse.
6. Push the fuse holder back into the housing and screw it clockwise until it is secure.
7. Reinsert the power cord.
Replacing and Checking Backplane Fuses
In addition to the power entry and the +5 V supply fuses, the analog supply lines on the backplane are fused at 1.5 A on the SCXI-1000DC chassis. If you design a special/prototype module, use the SCXI-1181 module and fuse the module at 250 mA to avoid blowing the analog backplane and +5 V supply fuses. Fusing the module better protects the module when a failure results in a large amount of current drawn by not allowing the current to blow the backplane fuses and +5 V fuses. On the SCXI-1000DC, the backplane fuses are located behind the fan. Complete the following steps to check or replace fuses:
1. Remove the appropriate fan and filter from the rear of the chassis by following the instructions in the Maintaining the Fan Filter section. Be sure to switch the power off and remove the power cord.
2. The fuse marked with a copper + on the backplane is for the positive analog supply, and the fuse marked with a copper – is for the negative analog supply. To check whether a fuse is blown, connect an ohmmeter across the leads. If the reading is not approximately 0 Ω, replace the fuse.
3. Using a pair of needle-nose pliers, carefully extract the fuse.
4. Take a new fuse and bend its leads so the component is 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) long, the dimension between the fuse sockets, and clip the leads to a length of 6.4 mm (0.25 in.).
5. Using the needle-nose pliers, insert the fuse into the socket holes.
6. Repeat, if necessary, for the other fuse.
7. Check the fan filter and, if it is dirty, clean it as described in the Maintaining the Fan Filter section.
SPECIFICATIONS PXIe-4145 4-Channel, ±6 V, 500 mA Precision PXI Source Measure Unit
Characteristics describe values that are relevant to the use of the model under stated operating conditions but are not covered by the model warranty.
• Typical specifications describe the performance met by a majority of models.
• Nominal specifications describe an attribute that is based on design, conformance testing, or supplemental testing. Specifications are Warranted unless otherwise noted
Conditions Specifications are valid under the following conditions unless otherwise noted.
• Ambient temperature1 of 23 °C ± 5 ºC
• Calibration interval of 1 year
• 30 minutes warm-up time
• Self-calibration performed within the last 24 hours
• niDCPower Aperture Time property or NIDCPOWER_ATTR_APERTURE_TIME attribute set to 2 power-line cycles (PLC)
• Fans set to the highest setting if the PXI Express chassis has multiple fan speed settingsPXIe-4145-NI
1 Scope These Application Notes are a guide to applying the G122-829A001 P-I Servoamplifier. These Application Notes can be used to:
Determine the closed loop structure for your application.
Select the G122-829A001 for your application. Refer also to data sheet G122-829.
Use these Application Notes to determine your system configuration.
Draw your wiring diagram.
Install and commission your system. Aspects, such as hydraulic design, actuator selection, feedback transducer selection, performance estimation, etc. are not covered by these Application Notes. The G122-202 Application Notes (part no C31015) cover some of these aspects. Moog Application Engineers can provide more detailed assistance, if required.
2 Description The G122-829A001 is a general purpose, user configurable, P-I servoamplifier. Selector switches inside the amplifier enable either proportional control, integral control, or both to be selected. Many aspects of the amplifier’s characteristics can be adjusted with front panel pots or selected with internal switches. This enables one amplifier to be used in many different applications. Refer also to data sheet G122-829.
3 Installation
3.1 Placement A horizontal DIN rail, mounted on the vertical rear surface of an industrial steel enclosure, is the intended method of mounting. The rail release clip of the G122-829A001 should face down, so the front panel and terminal identifications are readable and so the internal electronics receive a cooling airflow. An important consideration for the placement of the module is electro magnetic interference (EMI) from other equipment in the enclosure. For instance, VF and AC servo drives can produce high levels of EMI. Always check the EMC compliance of other equipment before placing the G122-829A001 close by
3.2 Cooling Vents in the top and bottom sides of the G122-829A001 case provide cooling for the electronics inside. These vents should be left clear. It is important to ensure that equipment below does not produce hot exhaust air that heats up the G122-829.
3.3 Wiring The use of crimp “boot lace ferrules” is recommended for the screw terminals. Allow sufficient cable length so the circuit card can be withdrawn from its case with the wires still connected. This enables switch changes on the circuit card to be made while the card is still connected and operating. An extra 100mm, for cables going outside the enclosure, as well as wires connecting to adjacent DIN rail units, is adequate. The screw terminals will accommodate wire sizes from 0.2mm2 to 2.5mm2 (24AWG to 12AWG). One Amp rated, 0.2mm2 should be adequate for all applications.
3.4 EMC The G122-829A001 emits radiation well below the level called for in its CE mark test. Therefore, no special precautions are required for suppression of emissions. However, immunity from external interfering radiation is dependent on careful wiring techniques. The accepted method is to use screened cables for all connections and to radially terminate the cable screens, in an appropriate grounded cable gland, at the point of entry into the industrial steel enclosure. If this is not possible, chassis ground screw terminals are provided on the G122-829A001. Exposed wires should be kept to a minimum length. Connect the screens at both ends of the cable to chassis ground.
4 Power supply 24V DC nominal, 22 to 28V 75mA @ 24V without a load, 200mA @ 100mA load. If an unregulated supply is used the bottom of the ripple waveform is not to fall below 22V. It is recommended that an M205, 250mA T (slow blow) fuse, compliant with IEC127-2 sheet 3, be placed in series with the +24V input to protect the electronic circuit. If terminal 23 is used to power a proportional valve, the fuse should be increased to cater for the extra current.
5 Set-up adjustments
To access the circuit card switches, the circuit card must be withdrawn from the case. See paragraph 17.
6 Input configuration Inputs 1, 2 and feedback go to the error amplifier and can be used for feedback or command. Care needs to be taken in selecting signal polarity to achieve negative feedback for the overall closed loop. Since the input error amplifier sums the signals, the transducer feedback signal needs to be the opposite polarity of the command. This can be achieved in two ways:
Arrange for an opposite polarity feedback transducer signal and connect it to input 1, input 2 or the positive feedback amplifier input.
If the feedback transducer signal is the same polarity as the command, you only have one option: Connect it to the negative input of the feedback amplifier.
7 Output configuration Select the output to match the input requirements of the valve (SW2).
When voltage (V) is selected, ±10V is available into a minimum load of 200 Ohm.
When current (I) is selected, the current level switches (SW1:X) enable ±5 to ±100mA to be selected. The switch selections sum, so, if for instance 45mA is required, select 30,10 and 5. The output can drive all known Moog valves up to ±100mA. The maximum load at I (Amp) output is: RL max = 11V – 39 Ohm ( I (Amp) ) eg. at 50mA RL max is 181 Ohm
When 4-20mA is selected, the output V/I switches must be in I and the output current SW1 must have switch 3 selected for 20mA. Maximum load for 4-20mA output is 500 Ohm. The output amplifier is limited to approximately 105% of the selected full scale output. If both the proportional and integrator stages are saturated, the output will not be twice the selected full scale but still only 105% of full scale.
8 Step push button The step push button (SW3) injects -50% valve drive disturbance into the output. When released, the valve drive reverts to its original level. This feature is useful for closed loop gain optimisation.
9 P-I selection 14 Dither For position closed loops, initially select only P (SW6:2). For pressure or velocity loops select I (SW6:4) initially and then P. See paragraph 12 below for more detail. For a complete discussion of P and I control, see the G122-202 servoamplifier Application Notes (part no C31015).
10 Integrator input The servoamplifier has a unity gain input error amplifier followed by two parallel stages, one a proportional amplifier and the other an integrator. The outputs of these two stages can be switched to the output power amplifier (see paragraph 7 above) which then drives the valve. The input to the integrator stage can be switch selected (SW4:1) from either the output of the error amplifier, I in = E, or the output of the proportional stage, I in = P. The latter arrangement is used in the G122-202. It is beyond the scope of these Application Notes to detail the benefits of each arrangement. If you have experience with the G122-202, I in = P would seem to be an easy choice.
11 P only gain For position loops select only P control (SW6:2). Input a step disturbance of 50% valve current with the step push button (SW3). Adjust the P gain for the required stability, while monitoring the front panel valve test point, or the feedback signal. The gain range of the proportional amplifier can be moved by changing the plug-in resistor R17. The value loaded when shipped is 100k Ohms, which gives a 1 to 20 range. Selecting 200k Ohms will give 2 to 40. The circuit will function correctly with the value of R17 between 100k Ohms and 10M Ohms. Note that as P gain is increased, the movement due to the step push button decreases.
12 P and I gains together If you are inexperienced with integral control the following set-up method is a good starting point.
I in = E: Initially select only I (SW6:4). Press the step push button (SW3). Increase I gain until one overshoot in the feedback signal is observed. Next select P (SW6:2) and I (SW6:4) together and increase the P gain to reduce the overshoot. For the I in = E arrangement the P and I sequence could be reversed. i.e.: adjust P first, followed by I.
I in = P: For an I in = P arrangement, only the “P followed by I” sequence of adjustment can be used. For a more thorough discussion see G122-202 Application Notes (part no C31015)
13 I limit The contribution from the integrator to the output amplifier can be reduced by selecting I limit on (SW6:3). When this switch is on the integrator contribution is reduced to approximately 15% of the level when it is off. This feature is useful in a position loop that may require integral control to achieve the required steady state accuracy. The limited integral control removes valve null error when the final position is reached. It is also useful in a pressure loop to limit overshoot, if the valve drive saturates.
